Medidas de extrema pobreza no Brasil, Grandes Regiões e Rio Grande do Sul: uma análise com os dados da PNAD 2011-14
Resumo
O objetivo do trabalho é mensurar a pobreza extrema no Brasil, nas Grandes Regiões e no RS utilizando duas definições distintas de extrema pobreza: a linha administrativa do Plano Brasil Sem Miséria, do Governo Federal, e a linha baseada em necessidades calóricas, estimada pelo Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada (IPEA). Com base nos dados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostras de Domicílios (PNAD) do período 2011-14, foram investigadas tanto a proporção de pobres extremos como a intensidade da extrema pobreza. Os resultados evidenciam que a pobreza extrema vem-se reduzindo no Brasil. Entretanto, a adoção de uma linha nacional de extrema pobreza, como a utilizada pelo Governo Federal, parece subestimar tanto a população nessa condição como sua intensidade. Dessa forma, para que as políticas públicas de combate à miséria tenham efeitos maximizados, seria necessário utilizar conceitos de pobreza que levassem em conta as necessidades calóricas e as diferentes realidades regionais.
Palavras-chave: extrema pobreza; linhas de indigência; intensidade da pobreza.
Título em inglês
Measures of extreme poverty in Brazil, in its Major Regions and in the State of Rio Grande do Sul: an analysis of the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) data from 2011 to 2014
Abstract
This paper aims to measure extreme poverty in Brazil, in their Regions and the State of Rio Grande do Sul using two different definitions of extreme poverty: an administrative line of the Plano Brasil Sem Miséria, a Federal Government plan, and a line based on calorie requirements, estimated by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA). Based on data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) related to the period from 2011 to 2014, we investigated both the proportion of extremely poor individuals and the intensity of extreme poverty. The results show that extreme poverty has been reduced in Brazil. However, the adoption of a national extreme poverty line as the one used by the federal government seems to underestimate both the population in this condition and its intensity. Thus, in order to maximize the effects of public policies targeted towards poverty alleviation, it would be necessary to use concepts of poverty that took into account the different calorie requirements and regional realities.
Keywords: Extreme poverty; poverty lines; poverty intensity.
Artigo recebido em 11 jan. 2016
Palavras-chave: extrema pobreza; linhas de indigência; intensidade da pobreza.
Título em inglês
Measures of extreme poverty in Brazil, in its Major Regions and in the State of Rio Grande do Sul: an analysis of the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) data from 2011 to 2014
Abstract
This paper aims to measure extreme poverty in Brazil, in their Regions and the State of Rio Grande do Sul using two different definitions of extreme poverty: an administrative line of the Plano Brasil Sem Miséria, a Federal Government plan, and a line based on calorie requirements, estimated by the Institute for Applied Economic Research (IPEA). Based on data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) related to the period from 2011 to 2014, we investigated both the proportion of extremely poor individuals and the intensity of extreme poverty. The results show that extreme poverty has been reduced in Brazil. However, the adoption of a national extreme poverty line as the one used by the federal government seems to underestimate both the population in this condition and its intensity. Thus, in order to maximize the effects of public policies targeted towards poverty alleviation, it would be necessary to use concepts of poverty that took into account the different calorie requirements and regional realities.
Keywords: Extreme poverty; poverty lines; poverty intensity.
Artigo recebido em 11 jan. 2016
Palavras-chave
Extrema pobreza; linhas de indigência; intensidade da pobreza.
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