Sistemas de inovação: as contribuições das abordagens nacionais e regionais ou locais

Abstract

In this paper it is discussed the reasons why approaches focusing Innovative Systems have become useful to study innovations and technical changes, before the several economical analysis dimensions occurring in different contexts in both levels, national and local. In this study, System of Innovation is understood by following two basic approaches: Sector Innovation Systems, that start in an specific sector or technology, and systems built on basis of geographical position—local, regional, national, continental, or even global systems of innovation—and National Systems of Innovation, which do not refer only to geographical position, but refer to innovations, in which the State, and the power entailed to the State, are significant aspects. A System of Innovation is characterized by a set of interactions between different actors, whose organization and activities are governed by institutions that limit, but stimulate innovations. Key words: national system of innovation; sector innovation system; regional system of innovation.